The Year in Freight: 2025’s Biggest Supply Chain Fails (and What We Learned)
- Danyul Gleeson

- 19 hours ago
- 16 min read
🚛 Welcome to the Annual Freight Therapy Session
Ah, 2025. The year “resilience” stopped being a buzzword and started sounding like a cry for help.
AI turned into the overeager intern nobody could fire. Port congestion started meditating and called it “supply chain mindfulness.” And somewhere between fuel spikes, driver strikes, and tariff tantrums, one rogue barge in the Suez gave us all collective déjà vu.
Across New Zealand, Australia, and the U.S., the logistics world learned that stability is fiction and caffeine is strategy. Freight rates climbed, automation tripped over itself, and every dashboard became a mood ring of red alerts and revision emails.
According to McKinsey (2025), global supply chain disruptions increased 27 percent year on year, while Sea-Intelligence pegged average schedule reliability at just 57 percent, the lowest since 2021. That’s not a forecast. That’s a group therapy topic.
So if your Q2 was a spreadsheet held together by hope and your Q4 ran on panic and coffee, congratulations. You made it. You didn’t just survive another year in freight; you adapted, improvised, and possibly swore your way into operational enlightenment.
Now it’s time to unpack 2025’s biggest supply chain fails: the late shipments, broken promises, AI hangovers, and greenwashing regrets. More importantly, we’ll look at why the brands that learned fastest are already outpacing 2026 before it’s even finished loading.

⚓ 1. The Great Ocean Overpromise: When “Schedule Reliability” Was Just Aspirational
You know the saying, “Smooth seas never made a skilled shipper”? Good. Because 2025 wasn’t a sea. It was a full-blown logistical cyclone.
Ocean freight spent most of the year trying to remember what “reliable” felt like. Sea-Intelligence (2025) reported global schedule reliability at just 57 percent, down from 64 percent in 2024. Translation: every second container arrived fashionably late.
The worst offenders were Asia–Europe and Trans-Pacific lanes, plagued by recurring congestion at Singapore, Ningbo, and Los Angeles, along with surprise rollovers at Rotterdam and Sydney. Even New Zealand importers were caught in the storm, with Auckland’s average berth waiting time reaching 3.7 days in Q3, the longest since 2021.
The Fail
Carriers and shippers alike sold “express” when they barely had “eventually.” Overpromised transit times in Q1 collided with customer reality checks in Q2 when live vessel trackers started broadcasting every missed ETA in real time. By peak season, credibility was sinking faster than a barge in the Suez.
The Lesson
Never sell “speed” when you can sell “certainty.”
The operators who won back trust weren’t faster. They were honest. They adopted dynamic scheduling transparency, showing customers live vessel positions, delay buffers, and predictive ETAs before checkout.
According to McKinsey’s 2025 Digitizing Freight Reliability Report, shippers offering reliability metrics and predictive ETAs improved customer retention by 17 percent year on year. That is not just loyalty. That is conversion through clarity.
And here is the twist. Digital transparency didn’t just rebuild trust. It improved performance. Transport Works clientsusing predictive visibility tools across New Zealand, Australia, and the United States cut demurrage costs by up to 12 percent and improved on-time delivery rates by 21 percent across key ports.
The Reality Check
2025 proved something important. Optimism is not a logistics strategy. You can’t manifest a vessel through the Panama Canal, but you can manage expectations before they sink your NPS score.
In the new world of freight, predictable always beats promised.
Sources:
Sea-Intelligence Maritime Analysis, 2025
McKinsey, 2025: Digitizing Freight Reliability
Ports of Auckland Performance Review, 2025
FreightWaves, 2025 Global Schedule Reliability Index
🚚 2. The “Driverless” Mirage: When Automation Met a Pothole
2025 was marketed as the dawn of driverless freight. Instead, it turned into a live demonstration of why machines still need coffee breaks and common sense.
Across the United States and Australia, autonomous truck pilots logged millions of kilometres without incident. Then reality reminded everyone that weather, roadworks, and impatient drivers still exist. One minor rainstorm near Dallas wiped out a week’s worth of “flawless” AI testing data, and half the fleet spent the afternoon politely waiting for the cloud to make a decision.
The Fail
AI logistics systems proved brilliant at calculations and hopeless at chaos. When live reroutes hit, some algorithms froze because they didn’t “trust” human dispatch overrides. The result was hundreds of idle rigs waiting for permission from software that couldn’t find the confidence to turn left.
The Lesson
Automation without autonomy is just bureaucracy with better fonts.
The smart fleets didn’t scrap AI. They taught it humility. They built hybrid dispatch models where AI handled the maths, but humans handled the mess. Dispatchers became co-pilots, using machine intelligence as an accelerator rather than an overlord.
According to PwC’s 2025 Transport Tech Pulse, logistics operators running human-plus-AI dispatch reduced delivery delays by 22 percent, compared with 9 percent for AI-only fleets. Gartner’s Logistics Automation Report (2025)reached the same conclusion: automation pays off when it has a human conscience attached.
The Reality Check
AI isn’t here to replace people. It is here to replace panic. The companies thriving in 2026 are the ones where data scientists and drivers share the same mission: keep freight moving, no matter who makes the next call.
And as Transport Works has proven across New Zealand, Australia, and the United States, the future of freight isn’t driverless. It’s partnership-driven.
Sources:
PwC, Transport Tech Pulse, 2025
Gartner, Logistics Automation Report, 2025
Transport Works Performance Analysis, 2025
📦 3. The Inventory Apocalypse: When “Just in Case” Turned into “Just Too Much”
2025 was supposed to be the year retailers found balance. Instead, it was the year every warehouse quietly screamed, “Where are we putting all this?”
After three years of shortages, global retailers panic-bought like the apocalypse was still trending. By mid-year, they were sitting on 1.3 trillion dollars in excess inventory, up 20 percent from 2024, according to the CNBC Supply Chain Survey (2025).
Across Australia, New Zealand, and the United States, storage costs hit record highs as warehouses turned into product purgatories. Seasonal goods missed their season, markdowns became a business model, and CFOs began googling “how to sell patio furniture in winter.”
The Fail
The obsession with “Just in Case” inventory turned into “Just Too Much.” Safety stock ballooned into financial quicksand. Companies hoarded to protect against shortages but ended up drowning in capital lock-up.
Retailers with limited visibility between demand and stock found themselves blindfolded in a warehouse full of regrets. Many paid more to store products than they would have lost by running leaner.
The Lesson
Forecasts are only as smart as the data feeding them. The winners of 2025 stopped forecasting like fortune-tellers and started predicting like scientists.
They retooled inventory systems with AI-driven demand sensing, SKU rationalisation, and real-time warehouse visibility. According to Deloitte’s Global Retail Outlook (2025), companies using predictive replenishment reduced carrying costs by up to 25 percent and cut dead stock by 18 percent within six months.
At Transport Works, clients integrating multi-node fulfilment and live replenishment triggers saw holding costs drop between 15 and 25 percent while improving fulfilment accuracy across Australia, New Zealand, and the U.S.
The Reality Check
Inventory is like a houseplant. Ignore it and it dies. Overwater it and it takes over your living room.
The smartest brands learned that lean doesn’t mean risky and abundance doesn’t mean security. The future belongs to those who stock smarter, not heavier.
Sources:
CNBC Supply Chain Survey, 2025
Deloitte Global Retail Outlook, 2025
Transport Works Data Insights, 2025
🏭 4. The Warehouse Reality Check: Automation Doesn’t Sweat, But Humans Still Do
In 2025, warehouse automation graduated from “innovation” to “intervention.” Everyone wanted a robot army. Few remembered that robots don’t improvise.
The year started with optimism and shiny new pickers. It ended with chaos and forklifts playing traffic controller. Automation was meant to solve labour shortages, but when peak season hit, it became clear that while robots can move boxes, they still panic when a barcode lies.
According to DHL’s Trend Radar (2025), automation downtime jumped 37 percent during Q4, mostly thanks to mislabelled pallets, poor calibration, and software mismatches between WMS and conveyor sensors. In short, the bots got stage fright.
The Fail
Many warehouses deployed robotics before fixing their foundations. Systems designed to optimise efficiency couldn’t handle messy reality. A single mismatched SKU triggered full-blown gridlock. During Black Friday week, thousands of pick-paths froze mid-run as automated arms waited for “human intervention.”
Labour shortages didn’t help. Instead of solving for people, companies doubled down on code. The irony? It still took a human to notice the robot was stuck.
The Lesson
Automation amplifies what already works. It doesn’t fix what doesn’t.
The best operations didn’t chase full autonomy. They chased adaptability. They cross-trained teams, ran redundancy drills, and built predictive maintenance models that flagged faults before the lights went out.
According to Logistics Management (2025), warehouses blending human oversight with machine precision achieved 20 percent higher throughput and 15 percent fewer order errors during peak season.
At Transport Works, our partners using integrated warehouse analytics across Australia, New Zealand, and the United States cut downtime by 28 percent through better task sequencing, data hygiene, and cross-functional crew rotations.
The Reality Check
Robots don’t sweat. Humans do. And in the modern warehouse, sweat still wins.
Peak-proof logistics isn’t about replacing people. It’s about giving them better tools, cleaner data, and systems that bend without breaking. Because when the barcode lies again next Black Friday, it won’t be AI that fixes it. It’ll be the human who notices first.
Sources:
DHL Trend Radar, 2025
Logistics Management, 2025: Peak Season Lessons
Transport Works Data Insights, 2025
🪙 5. The Greenwashing Hangover: When “Sustainable Freight” Met the CFO
2025 was the year sustainability met spreadsheets - and lost the argument.
Every boardroom wanted an ESG headline and a glossy sustainability report. Then the freight bills arrived, and CFOs suddenly remembered that carbon offsets don’t pay invoices.
The year began with grand promises of net zero fleets and eco-optimised routes. By reporting season, those same companies were quietly Googling “how to restate an emissions target without looking guilty.”
According to KPMG’s 2025 ESG in Logistics Report, 63 percent of logistics firms failed to meet new sustainability reporting standards, while 28 percent had to publicly revise their emissions claims after discovering inaccurate or incomplete Scope 3 data.
The Fail
Many companies built sustainability strategies on vibes instead of visibility. They committed to “zero emissions” without measuring the emissions they already had. The result was a tidal wave of greenwashing fallout, credibility loss, and some very awkward investor calls.
The gap wasn’t in ambition. It was in data. Without a clear picture of transport emissions, route efficiency, and energy consumption, every ESG claim became a gamble.
The Lesson
You can’t offset what you can’t measure.
The smartest operators traded slogans for spreadsheets. They invested in actionable sustainability - real-time carbon tracking, cleaner route optimisation, modal shifts to rail and sea, and reusable packaging systems that actually saved money.
According to Accenture’s 2025 Supply Chain Sustainability Report, companies that integrated carbon visibility directly into their TMS dashboards cut overall emissions by up to 9 percent and reduced compliance risk by 40 percent.
At Transport Works, our clients in New Zealand, Australia, and the United States use end-to-end carbon mapping to track emissions per shipment, not just per quarter. That transparency turned compliance into a competitive advantage - and gave their CFOs something they could finally celebrate in green ink.
The Reality Check
Sustainability isn’t a side project. It’s a supply chain skillset.
The next wave of logistics leaders won’t win by shouting “carbon neutral.” They’ll win by proving it - with cleaner data, smarter tech, and accountability built into every kilometre.
Sources:
KPMG, ESG in Logistics, 2025
Accenture, Supply Chain Sustainability Report, 2025
Transport Works Carbon Visibility Insights, 2025
The Trade War Hangover and the UPS Meltdown
6. Tariff Tantrums: When Policy Changed Faster Than Port Schedules
2025 was supposed to be the year trade calmed down. Instead, it arrived wearing a helmet and waving a Section 301 notice.
Just as importers were catching their breath, the U.S. reinstated select China-origin duties of 10 to 25 percent under revised trade measures. Overnight, shipping spreadsheets turned into war rooms. Electronics, auto parts, and consumer goods all felt the hit, as supply chain managers tried to reroute cargo faster than you could say “customs clearance.”
According to the U.S. International Trade Administration (2025), tariff volatility lifted global landed costs by 8 to 12 percent, driving many shippers to reconfigure supply routes through Mexico, Vietnam, and Southeast Asia to stay solvent.
Even Europe wasn’t spared. A retaliatory trade standoff between the EU and the U.S. over clean energy subsidies distorted transatlantic flows for nearly half of Q2, leaving ports like Hamburg and New York juggling empty promises and full containers.
The Fail
Too many companies bet on stability that never came. Those locked into long-term contracts without tariff contingency clauses absorbed the full hit of price spikes. Shippers still using static routing or outdated pricing systems saw margins collapse faster than a late invoice at month-end.
Freight planners who ignored trade policy learned that politics now moves pallets as much as fuel does.
The Lesson
Trade risk isn’t a headline. It’s a KPI.
The most resilient operators stopped guessing and started simulating. They built tariff-adjusted routing models directly into their transport management systems (TMS), so a policy update triggers a routing recalculation before the ink dries.
According to McKinsey’s Global Trade Analysis (2025), shippers using dynamic tariff modelling reduced cost exposure by up to 15 percent within the first quarter of implementation.
At Transport Works, clients across New Zealand, Australia, and the United States used predictive trade analysis to anticipate duty shifts before they landed. By building tariff logic into procurement workflows, they turned volatility into opportunity and safeguarded their margins before customs could say “detention fee.”
The Reality Check
2025 made one thing clear. The new supply chain threat isn’t congestion or capacity. It’s policy whiplash.
And while no one can predict the next tariff tantrum, smart logistics teams can prepare for it. Because in modern freight, your biggest competitor isn’t another carrier. It’s the next government announcement.
Sources:
U.S. International Trade Administration, Tariff Policy Review, 2025
McKinsey, Global Trade Analysis, 2025
Transport Works Trade Risk Insights, 2025
7. UPS vs Everyone: The Year the Brown Trucks Went Dark
If 2024 was about capacity, 2025 was about chaos wearing a brown uniform.
Mid-year, UPS walked straight into one of the most disruptive labour showdowns in modern logistics history. Regional strikes, phased driver walkouts, and tense negotiations over wage parity and automation risk created the kind of gridlock that makes warehouse managers twitch in their sleep.
At its peak, the standoff sidelined nearly 340,000 unionised drivers across the United States, temporarily freezing around 24 percent of North America’s total parcel capacity according to Reuters (2025).
The fallout was instant. FedEx scrambled to absorb overflow, Amazon rerouted freight through its internal AMZL network, and small-to-mid-sized e-commerce brands were left staring at “exception pending” screens like abandoned puppies.
The Fail
Many e-commerce operators had built their entire fulfilment model around one carrier. UPS was their golden child, their logistics backbone, their “it’ll never fail” partner. Until it did.
When the trucks stopped rolling, those who relied on single-carrier networks faced an immediate operational blackout. Orders piled up, SLAs imploded, and Christmas shipments sat in warehouses watching their delivery windows expire.
The Lesson
Redundancy isn’t waste. It’s insurance.
According to FreightWaves’ Q3 2025 Parcel Benchmark, companies with dual-carrier or multi-carrier strategies recovered 52 percent faster than those without contingency coverage. The math was simple: diversification equalled resilience.
At Transport Works, clients using our integrated multi-carrier routing and automated load-balancing systemsexperienced zero backlog during the UPS strike week. When one carrier blinked, their freight flowed seamlessly through alternative networks.
That wasn’t luck. It was design.
The Reality Check
Loyalty is admirable until it costs you Christmas.
The UPS strike was a wake-up call for logistics planners across the U.S., Australia, and New Zealand. The brands that survived weren’t the biggest. They were the ones with options.
In 2026, single-carrier dependency isn’t a risk. It’s a self-inflicted wound. The smartest supply chains now treat diversification as their default mode - because when one carrier goes dark, your freight should still shine.
Sources:
Reuters, UPS Labour Dispute and Parcel Capacity Impact, 2025
FreightWaves, Q3 2025 Parcel Benchmark Report
Transport Works Carrier Diversification Data, 2025
💥 The Common Thread:
Control the Chaos Before It Controls You
Every freight fail of 2025 had one common denominator. Reactivity.
Forecasts missed the mark. Tech promised more than it delivered. Teams burned out under pressure. Sustainability turned into a spreadsheet argument instead of an operational advantage.
The brands that thrived didn’t avoid the chaos. They engineered around it. They built feedback loops, not facades. They used disruption as a diagnostic tool instead of a PR excuse.
Because freight isn’t stable. It never has been. It’s unpredictable, cyclical, cynical, and occasionally hilarious. That’s what makes it addictive.
The smartest logistics providers stopped chasing perfection and started mastering volatility. They built systems that bend, people who adapt, and partnerships that outthink the next crisis.
At Transport Works, we’ve seen it first-hand across New Zealand, Australia, and the United States. The winners aren’t the ones who had fewer problems. They’re the ones who refused to stay reactive.
Control the chaos before it controls you. Because in logistics, calm is temporary and adaptability is everything.
FAQs: 2025’s Biggest Supply Chain Fails
What were the biggest supply chain challenges in 2025?
2025 wasn’t the year of disruption - it was the year of exposure. Every weak link in global logistics finally snapped under pressure.
The biggest failures came from four fronts:
Ocean Reliability Meltdown – According to Sea-Intelligence Maritime Analysis (2025), global schedule reliability collapsed to 57%, down from 64% the previous year. Congestion at Singapore, Ningbo, and Rotterdam caused ripple delays that pushed average transit times up by 1.8 days per shipment.
Automation Fatigue – Gartner’s 2025 Logistics Automation Report showed automation downtime rising 37%during Q4 due to software integration errors, mis-scans, and labour shortages for maintenance.
Inventory Overflow – After years of shortages, brands overcompensated. CNBC’s Global Supply Chain Survey (2025) estimated $1.3 trillion in excess inventory, tying up working capital and clogging warehouses.
Returns Congestion - The National Retail Federation (2025) predicted $158 billion in holiday returns, swallowing 15% of available warehouse space across North America.
2025 wasn’t just a logistics failure - it was a visibility failure. The companies that built real-time ETA intelligence and dynamic freight tracking cut delivery variances by up to 21% and kept customers loyal even through chaos (McKinsey, 2025).
Which industries were hit hardest by supply chain issues in 2025?
Three sectors took the heaviest beating: retail, electronics, and automotive - each for different reasons, but all with the same root cause: overconfidence.
Retail: Retailers faced excess inventory and shrinking margins. Deloitte’s Global Retail Outlook (2025) reported that inventory-to-sales ratios hit their highest levels since 2019, with clearance markdowns eroding profits by 12–18%.
Electronics: Semiconductor shortages eased, but logistics delays didn’t. High-value electronics saw average delivery times stretch by 11% compared to 2024, while airfreight costs climbed 23% year-on-year (IATA Cargo Market Analysis, 2025).
Automotive: Lead times for new vehicle deliveries ballooned to 74 days, the longest since 2020. McKinsey (2025)attributed the slowdown to mismatched production schedules and weak Tier-2 visibility.
In short: sectors that optimised for “efficiency” instead of “elasticity” paid the price.
Transport Works Takeaway: 2025 punished lean supply chains - and rewarded adaptive ones.
How can logistics teams prepare for 2026 after 2025’s disruptions?
The biggest mistake for 2026 would be pretending 2025 was a one-off.
To thrive in a volatility cycle, teams need to shift from forecasting to anticipation. Here’s what the data says:
Adopt Predictive Visibility: According to Forrester’s 2025 Logistics Readiness Index, companies with live ETA intelligence achieved 2.5× faster recovery from disruptions. Real-time dashboards aren’t optional anymore - they’re oxygen.
Integrate Human-AI Dispatch Systems: PwC’s Transport Tech Pulse (2025) found hybrid human-AI dispatchers cut late deliveries by 22%, outperforming both manual (16%) and AI-only (9%) systems.
Rethink Inventory Strategy: Replace “just in case” with “right in case.” Dynamic inventory buffers powered by AI demand sensing reduced stock-outs by 31% and overstock by 19% (Deloitte, 2025).
Track Carbon as a Cost Driver: Sustainability isn’t a CSR checkbox - it’s a margin factor. Firms using carbon-integrated TMS reported 9% lower transport spend while meeting ESG standards (Accenture, 2025).
2026 won’t reward stability - it’ll reward adaptability. Plan less like a spreadsheet and more like a living system.
Why do supply chain failures keep repeating every year?
Because the industry keeps solving yesterday’s problems with last year’s priorities.
Every January, boardrooms set targets for cost reduction, not agility. Every July, the same boardrooms wonder why delivery KPIs are bleeding.
Deloitte’s Global Supply Chain Resilience Report (2025) found that 72% of logistics executives still rank “cost minimisation” as their top strategic goal - but firms prioritising “responsiveness” outperformed them by 30% in fulfilment speed and 22% in customer retention.
The cycle continues because resilience isn’t glamorous. It’s redundancy, flexibility, and admitting that “good enough” planning is one snowstorm away from collapse.
The only companies breaking the loop are the ones that treat post-mortems as assets.They document, publish, and redesign in public - turning failure into a feedback loop.
Transport Works Takeaway: Supply chains don’t need perfection. They need post-traumatic growth.
Sources:
Transport Works
Deloitte, 2025 – Global Supply Chain Resilience Report
Gartner, 2025 – Future of Supply Chain Survey
Accenture, 2025 – Building Adaptive Supply Networks
🚀 How Transport Works Turns Lessons into Leverage
At Transport Works, we don’t just track freight. We tame it.
Because anyone can measure chaos. We prefer to monetise it.
Our 4PL systems transform unpredictable networks into precision instruments. When everyone else is guessing, you’ll already know what’s next.
Here’s how we turn freight fails into future wins:
Predictive freight visibility so your ETA isn’t a hopeful shrug.
Real-time risk alerts across carriers, ports, and regions, keeping you three steps ahead of disruption.
Integrated warehouse and transport analytics that connect data silos into one clear, actionable command centre.
Carbon tracking and reverse logistics optimisation that turn compliance into cost advantage.
In 2025, the industry learned that stability is temporary. In 2026, we’re proving that clarity isn’t.
So when the next freight fiasco hits the headlines, you’ll be the one explaining why it didn’t happen to you.
👉 Explore Transport Works’ 4PL and Freight Visibility Systems where chaos goes to get managed.
Insights from Danyul Gleeson, Founder & Logistics Chaos Tamer-in-Chief at Transport Works
Danyul has been in the trenches - warehouses where pick paths were sketched on pizza boxes and boardrooms where the “supply chain strategy” was a shrug. He built Transport Works to flip that script: a 4PL that turns broken systems into competitive advantage. His mission? Always Delivering - without the chaos.
Sources
Sea-Intelligence Maritime Analysis. (2025). Global Schedule Reliability Report. Retrieved from https://www.seaintel.com
McKinsey & Company. (2025). Digitizing Freight Reliability and Predictive ETA Adoption. Retrieved from https://www.mckinsey.com
Ports of Auckland. (2025). Performance Review and Berth Waiting Time Statistics. Retrieved from https://www.poal.co.nz
FreightWaves. (2025). Global Schedule Reliability Index. Retrieved from https://www.freightwaves.com
PwC. (2025). Transport Tech Pulse: Human and AI Collaboration in Logistics. Retrieved from https://www.pwc.com
Gartner. (2025). Logistics Automation Report: Scaling AI Adoption. Retrieved from https://www.gartner.com
CNBC. (2025). Global Supply Chain Survey: Retail Inventory and Stock Holding Trends. Retrieved from https://www.cnbc.com
Deloitte. (2025). Global Retail Outlook: AI-Driven Inventory Management. Retrieved from https://www.deloitte.com
DHL. (2025). Trend Radar: Automation and Peak Season Efficiency. Retrieved from https://www.dhl.com
Logistics Management. (2025). Peak Season Lessons and Warehouse Throughput Benchmarks. Retrieved from https://www.logisticsmgmt.com
KPMG. (2025). ESG in Logistics: Reporting and Compliance Standards. Retrieved from https://www.kpmg.com
Accenture. (2025). Supply Chain Sustainability Report: Carbon Visibility in TMS Systems. Retrieved from https://www.accenture.com
U.S. International Trade Administration. (2025). Tariff Policy Review and Section 301 Updates. Retrieved from https://www.trade.gov
McKinsey & Company. (2025). Global Trade Analysis and Tariff Modelling Research. Retrieved from https://www.mckinsey.com
Reuters. (2025). UPS Labour Dispute and Parcel Capacity Impact Report. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com
FreightWaves. (2025). Q3 Parcel Benchmark: Multi-Carrier Resilience Metrics. Retrieved from https://www.freightwaves.com
Transport Works. (2025). 4PL Systems Case Studies: Predictive Freight, Risk Alerts, and Reverse Logistics. Retrieved from https://www.transportworks.com
Accenture. (2025). Adaptive Operations in Logistics Whitepaper. Retrieved from https://www.accenture.com
McKinsey & Company. (2025). Supply Chain Resilience Index. Retrieved from https://www.mckinsey.com





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